44 hardly,scarcely,barely
hardly,scarcely 和 barely 这三个词在意义上都接近于否定。
hardly 主要与 any,ever,at all 或动词 can 连用:
He has hadly any money.
他几乎没有钱。(非常少)
I hardly ever go out.
我很少外出。(我极少外出。)
It hadly rained at all last summer.
去年夏天没怎么下雨。
Her case is so heavy that she can hadly lift it.
她的箱子太重了,她简直提不起来。
也可以和其他动词连用:
I hardly know him.
我不太认识他。(我只是与他认识而已。)
注意不要把副词 hard 与 hardly 搞混:
He looked hard at it.
他使劲地盯着它看。(他在盯着它。)
He hardly looked at it.
他几乎没看它。(他瞄了它一眼。)
scarcely 意为“几乎不”,它可以代替 hardly。上述例句中也可用 scarcely any/scarcely ever 等。
但 scarcely 主要意为“不到”、“不足”:
There were scarcely twenty people there.
那儿连20个人都没有。
(关于 hardly/scarcely 之后的倒装语序,见第45节与第342节E。)
barely 意为“不超过”、“仅仅”:
There were barely twenty people there.
那儿不超过20个人。(刚刚20个)
I can barely see it.
我勉强看得见它。(我只能看见而已。) |