182 形式和用法
A 形式
现在完成时由 have 的现在式 + 过去分词构成：
I have worked 等
规则动词的过去分词形式与过去式完全相同，如 loved，walked 等。（参见第三十七章拼写规则。）
不规则动词的过去分词形式则各不相同，需要记住。（参见第364节。）
否定式由助动词后加 no t构成。
疑问式由倒装了的助动词与主语构成。
现在完成时的各种形式如下：
| 肯定式 |
否定式 |
I have worked
you have worked
he/she/it has worked
we have worked
you have worked
they have worked
|
I have not worked
you have not worked
he/she/it has not worked
we have not worked
you have not worked
they have not worked |
| 疑问式 |
have I worked?
have you worked?
has he/she/it worked?
have we worked?
have you worked?
have they worked? |
| 否定疑问式 |
| had he not worked?等 |
缩略形式：have／has和 have not／has not 可以缩略（参见第118节）：
I've worked you haven't worked hasn't he worked？等
缩略形式在日常口语中说得很轻，经常是几乎听不见的。
have 和 has 的缩略形式如在第104节B中所示：
Where've you been？
你去哪儿了？
What's he done？
他做了什么事？
B 用法
这一时态可以说是现在时与过去时的一种混合，它总与现在有密切联系，主要用于对话、书信、报纸以及电视与电台报导。 |
