243 动词或动词+宾语之后的不定式
A 这类动词中最重要的有 ask,beg,expect,would hate,help,intend,like(=think wise/right),would like(= enjoy),would love,mean,prefer,want,wish:
He likes to eat well.
他喜欢吃得好一点。
He likes his staff to eat well.
他喜欢要他的工作人员吃得好一点儿。
I want to ride.I want you to ride too.
我想骑马。我想要你去骑马。
B ask 和 beg
ask + 不定式的含义与 ask + 宾语 + 不定式不同:
I asked to speak to Mrs Jones.
我要找琼斯太太谈话。相当于:
I said,‘Could I speak to Mrs Jones?'
我说:“我能跟琼斯太太讲话吗?”
但是:
I asked Bill to speak to her.
我要比尔找她谈一谈。
I said,‘Bill,would you speak to her?'
我说:“比尔,请你找她谈一谈好吗?”
beg 也是同样情况,尽管 beg 之后通常不直接跟不定式:
I begged(to be allowed)to go.
我请他允许我去。相当于:
I said,‘Please let me go.'
我说:“请让我去。”
I begged him to go.
我要求他去。相当于:
I said,‘Please go.'
我说:“请你去吧。”
ask 和 beg 后面可接 that…should 结构。(参见第235节。)
C expect + 不定式和 expect + 宾语 + 不定式可有相同含义:
I expect to arrive tomorrow.
我预计明天到达。相当于:
I think it is likely that I will arrive tomorrow.
我想我很可能明天到达。
I expect him to arrive tomorrow.
我预计他明天到达。相当于:
I think it is likely that he will arrive tomorrow.
我想他很可能明天到达。
但 expect + 宾语 + 不定式常常含有义务的意思:
He expects his wife to bring him breakfast in bed at weekends.
他指望他妻子在周末把早饭送到床边。(他认为他妻子有义务这样做。)
expect 后面也可跟 that + 主语+动词结构,这时不含有义务的意思。
D 关于 care,hate,like,love 和 prefer 与不定式或动名词连用的例句请参见第294至第298节。intend,mean 和 want 后面也可接动名词。(参见第266节。) |